Monday, June 20, 2016

Breakthrough Monday #1

If you follow scientific, health or technology, you know that breakthrough findings and developments are being made nearly everyday. We are constantly learning new things about ourselves, our world and our universe. Here are four breakthroughs which will at some point change our lives:

1. Scientists confirm DNA holds a second layer of information.
“Physicists at Leiden Institute of Physics have confirmed a long-standing hypothesis, that a second layer of information exists on top of the genetic code in DNA. Leiden theoretical physicists have proven that not only the genetic information in DNA determines who we are, but also DNA’s mechanics. Helmut Schiessel and his group simulated many DNA sequences and found a correlation between mechanical cues and the way DNA is folded.”

2. Desalination Breakthrough: Saving the Sea from Salt
“A chemist finds a way to cut supersalty discharge and CO2 as the Middle East relies ever more on seawater desalination.”

3. Tiny lasers on silicon means big things for electronics
“Scientists have found a way to create nanoscale lasers directly from silicon, unlocking the possibilities of direct integration of photonics on integrated circuits.”

4. Early Puberty in Girls Is Becoming Epidemic and Getting Worse
“Girls with early onset puberty face a number of mental and physical health risks.”

“Girls with earlier maturation are at risk for lower self-esteem and higher rates of depression. They are more likely to be influenced by older peers and more deviant peers, and initiate intercourse, substance use, and other norm-breaking behaviors at younger ages,” writes Frank M. Biro in the journal Pediatrics. “The biologic impact of earlier maturation includes greater risk of several cancers, including breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer, as well as obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension.”

Heart disease risk is also increased. - RB

Above figure caption: The rigid base-pair model is forced, using 28 constraints (indicated by red spheres), into a left-handed superhelical path that mimics the DNA conformation in the nucleosome.

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